International Mahjong® Rules
(Version v0702-2012-03-28    版号 v0702-2012-03-28)

CHAPTER SIX    第六章
THE RANKING AND SCORING OF WINNING HANDS    胡牌的等级和绩分
24.   A winning hand can be ranked differently according to the structure of the hand, the pais it consists of and the patterns in which the pais are being arranged, as well as how the pai enabling the declaration to win is obtained. These elements of a winning hand are represented by certain predefined forms called GRADE ELEMENTS and each grade element is assigned a fixed GRADE VALUE that is measured by the unit of FAN. Throughout this Chapter Six, all valid grade elements are listed by group of similar nature how the elements are established. When assessing the ranking of a winning hand all valid grade elements from all groups may be counted, unless a rule specifically states otherwise. Accordingly, the rank of a winning hand is determined by the total number of fans of all valid grade elements the hand could demonstrate. Furthermore, when assessing the ranking of a winning hand the following stipulations should be observed:    胡牌可以按照该手牌的基本牌型,手牌的内容和牌子组合的花式,和如何获得最后一张牌成胡牌等因素而确定该胡牌的等级。这些胡牌的元素由一些具有特定格式的"番种"代表,而每一番种均拥有固定的以"番"为单位的"番值"。本第六章规则详列所有有效的番种,并跟据定义各番种时的性质而将拥有近似性质的番种归组排列。在计算一手胡牌的等级时,可将所有组别的有效番种累加,唯个别规则另有注明时除外。因此,一手胡牌的等级是按照该手牌内所有有效番种的番值的总和而确定。此外,在计算一手胡牌的等级时,还须遵循以下的规定:
24.1.   If a basic structure of a winning hand (Art. 26) is determined it shall remain unchanged while other grade elements are being counted.    若一手胡牌的基本牌型(第26条)已经选定,在计算其它番种时将不可改变。
24.2.   In all definitions of grade element, any expression of a "pung" shall be equivalent to or including the expression of a "kong", but not vice versa.    在所有番种的定义中,任何有关"刻子"的组合当视为等于或包括"杠"的组合,但相反则不成立。
25.   Grade elements listed under this article are also called SPECIAL WINNING HANDS. Each special winning hand can be treated as a complete winning hand, and is awarded a fixed number of fans that cannot be accumulated with value of any other grade elements.    在本条列出的番种亦可称为"例牌"。每一例牌均可当作一手完整的胡牌,可获配固定的番值,而这些番值不能和任何其它番种的番值累加。
25.1.   GROUP 25.1: This group contains special winning hands that are normally in the form of any of the basic winning hand structures as prescribed in art. 26, although exception may apply where a rule so prescribes.    第25.1组:本组包含的例牌通常以第26条所述的基本牌型成立,唯个别规则指定的特殊情况除外。
(1)   THE HEAVEN: Any winning hand, regardless of its structure or contents, that is declared after the dealing of pais and before the first pai is discarded by the jonga is defined as the Heaven, and is awarded a fixed 6 fans. The priority to declare the Heaven goes to the jonga. [Explanatory note: Any player may declare a special winning hand of Seven Flowers (art. 25.2(1)) or Eight Flowers (art. 25.2(2)) before the jonga discards the first pai, this will also be referred to as the Heaven.]    天胡:任何胡牌,不论其牌型或内容,是在完成发牌之后但在庄家打出第一张牌之前成胡牌的,得称为"天胡",得固定6番。庄家拥有报天胡的优先权。[解释性说明:任何人均可在庄家打出第一张牌之前报称成七只花例牌(第25.2(1)条)或八只花例牌(第25.2(2)条),这样的胡牌仍得称为天胡。]
(2)   THE EARTH: Any winning hand, regardless of its contents, that is declared on the first pai discarded by the jonga is defined as the Earth and is awarded a fixed 6 fans.    地胡:任何胡牌,不论其内容,是利用庄家打出的第一张牌成胡牌的,得称为"地胡",得固定6番。
(3)   ALL HIDDEN PUNGS: A winning hand consisting of four pungs and a set of eyes, regardless of the kinds of the pais, that have never been exposed prior to winning, is called All Hidden Pungs and is awarded a fixed 13 fans. [Explanatory note: The essence of this element is that "all (of the 14) pais have never been exposed prior to winning". A hand containing any unfolded kong (art. 22.2) is not qualified for this element since the kong has been exposed as defined in art 23.6.]    全暗刻:若一手胡牌含四副刻子和一组眼,牌子花色不拘,而所有牌子在成胡牌之前均从未打开,则该手胡牌称为"全暗刻",得固定13番。[解释性说明:本番种的主要条件是"所有(14张)牌子在成胡牌之前均从未打开"。一手牌若含有暗杠(第22.2条)便没有成为全暗刻的条件,因为正如第23.6条所定义,该暗杠是属于已打开的牌。]
(4)   SEVEN CONSECUTIVE PAIRS: A winning hand that is in the combination of seven consecutive pairs of any one suit of the Serials, is called the Seven Consecutive Pairs and is awarded a fixed 13 fans.    连七对:若一手胡牌含七对序数相连的同一花式的序数牌,则可称为"连七对",得固定13番。
(5)   NINE GATES: If a winning hand consists of any one suit of the Searials in the specified form of 1112345678999 prior to winning, which would allow win on any pai of the same suit, then such winning hand is called the Nine Gates, and is awarded a fixed 13 fans.    九莲宝灯:若一手胡牌在未胡牌之前由一种花色的序数牌按1112345678999的特定牌型组成,见同花色任何1张序数牌均可成胡牌,则该胡牌可称为"九莲宝灯",得固定13番。
25.2.   GROUP 25.2: The special winning hands contained in this group are not normally in any specific structure as win is qualified as per specifications of the individual rules.    第25.2组:本组包含的例牌一般并无特定的牌型,胡牌条件得以个别规则规定为准。
(1)   THE SEVEN FLOWERS: If a player already has six Flowers and if he draws the seventh Flower of his hand, he may declare win at once. The winning hand is considered on the drawing of the seventh Flower alone and is called the Seven Flowers and is awarded a fixed 3 fans. A player having drawn the seventh Flower in hand not declaring win loses the right to declare win on the Seven Flowers after he has proceeded to perform a move other than declaring win. [Explanatory note: The essence of this element is the number of Flowers the hand has; therefore whether the hand is too many or too few is irrelevant.]    七只花:若一人手中已有六张花牌再抓入第七张花牌后,他可以马上报胡牌。该胡牌的考虑要素只在于成功抓入手中第七张花牌并可称为"七只花",得固定3番。任何人抓入第七张花牌之后不报胡牌,当他执行报胡牌以外的其它行动时便丧失其七只花胡牌的权利。[解释性说明:本番种的主要考虑要素是拥有花牌的数目,故手牌是否属于大相公或小相公均无影响。]
(2)   THE EIGHT FLOWERS: If a player already has seven Flowers and if he draws the eighth Flower of his hand, he may declare win at once. The winning hand is considered on the drawing of the eighth Flower alone and is called the Eight Flowers and is awarded a fixed 9 fans. A player having drawn the eighth Flowers in hand not declaring win loses the right to declare win on the Eight Flowers after he has proceeded to perform a move other than declaring win. [Explanatory note: The essence of this element is the number of Flowers the hand has; therefore whether the hand is too many or too few is irrelevant.]    八只花:若一人手中已有七张花牌再抓入第八张花牌后,他可以马上报胡牌。该胡牌的考虑要素只在于成功抓入手中第八张花牌并可称为"八只花",得固定9番。任何人抓入第八张花牌之后不报胡牌,当他执行报胡牌以外的其它行动时便丧失其八只花胡牌的权利。[解释性说明:本番种的主要考虑要素是拥有花牌的数目,故手牌是否属于大相公或小相公均无影响。]
(3)   SEVEN ISOLATED STARS: If a winning hand consists of 7 single pais of all titles of the Winds and the Dragons, plus any seven isolated pais of the Serials covering 3 suits each being in the specific sequence of 147, 258, 369 respectively, it is called the Seven Isolated Stars and is awarded a fixed 6 fans.    七星不靠:若一手胡牌含有七个单张的东南西北中发白,加上包含三种花色分别按数位147、258、369排列的其中七张序数牌,则该胡牌可称为"七星不靠",得固定6番。
(4)   THE THIRTEEN UNIOS: If a player holds 14 pais, including pais already in his possession and pai obtainable in his turn of move, that are in the combination of one pai each of all titles of the Honours and one pai each of the titles 1 and 9 of all of the Serials, plus one pai identical to any of these mentioned pais, he may declare win. The winning hand is considered on the combination of the 14 pais alone and is called the Thirteen Unios and is awarded a fixed 13 fans.    十三幺:若手牌中的14张牌,包括自己手牌内的牌和在行使某项行动时从外取得的牌,含有所有番子的所有名称的牌各1张,所有序数牌的所有名称为1和9的牌各1张,再加上1张和以上所述任一牌子相同的牌,则可以报胡牌。该胡牌的考虑要素只在于手中14张牌的组合形式并可称为"十三幺",得固定13番。
(5)   THE KONG TO FOURTH: If a player makes four consecutive kongs in a row, he need not draw a pai from the tail any more but is deemed to have won the game, provided there is one, and only one, pai left in his concealed hand. The winning hand is considered on the act of making four kongs alone and is called the Kong To Fourth, and is awarded a fixed 15 fans.    杠四杠:若一人无间断地连续开杠四次,则他可算自动成胡牌而无须继续在牌尾抓牌,唯他手内未打开的牌的数目必须只剩1张。该胡牌的考虑要素只在于开杠四次的行为并可称为"杠四杠",得固定15番。
26.   GROUP 26: This group contains grade elements that are also called the BASIC WINNING HAND STRUCTURES. Each of these elements is awarded a grade value that can be accumulated with grade values of all valid elements in other groups, but excluding the groups of the special winning hands. When assessing the ranking of a winning hand, no more than one grade element within this group may be counted.    第26组:本组包含的番种亦可称为"胡牌的基本牌型"。每一番种可获配一固定番值,而这些番值可以和其它组别(含有"例牌"的组别除外)内所有有效番种的番值累加。当计算一胡牌的等级时,从本组内选取的番种最多不得超过一项。
26.1.   THE COWARD: If a winning hand consists of sets of both chow and pung, and regardless of any other description, it is called the Coward and awarded half fan.    鸡胡:若一手胡牌的牌子组合同时包含顺子和刻子而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"鸡胡",得半番。
26.2.   ALL CHOWS: In addition to a set of eyes, if a winning hand consists of sets of chow only and regardless of any other description, it is called All Chows and awarded 1 fan.    平胡:除了一组眼外,若一手胡牌的牌子组合只包含顺子而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"平胡",得1番。
26.3.   ALL PUNGS: In addition to a set of eyes, if a winning hand consists of sets of pung only and regardless of any other description, it is called All Pungs and awarded 3 fans.    对对胡:除了一组眼外,若一手胡牌的牌子组合只包含刻子而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"对对胡",得3番。
26.4.   SEVEN PAIRS: If a winning hand consists of seven pairs only, and regardless of any other description, it is called the Seven Pairs and awarded 3 fans.    七对胡:若一手胡牌的牌子组合只包含七对相同的牌子而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"七对胡",得3番。
27.   Grade elements listed under this article relate primarily to the various combinations of pais of a winning hand.    本条列出的番种主要和胡牌中牌子的不同组合型式有关。
27.1.   GROUP 27.1: This group contains grade elements that are of the pure or mixed series. When assessing the ranking of a winning hand, no more than one grade element within this group may be counted, unless specifically stated otherwise.    第27.1组:本组包含的番种属于清混系列。当计算一胡牌的等级时,从本组内选取的番种最多不得超过一项,唯另有注明时除外。
(1)   PURE TERMINALS: If a winning hand consists of only 1 and 9 of the Serials, and regardless of any other description, it is called Pure Terminals and awarded 8 fans.    清幺九:若一手胡牌只包含序数牌中的1和9而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"清幺九",得8番。
(2)   MIXED UNIOS: If a winning hand consists of 1, 9 of the Serials and pais of the Honours only, and regardless of any other description, it is called Mixed Unios and awarded 1 fan. Value of this element may be added to Mixed Same if applicable.    混幺九:若一手胡牌只包含序数牌中的1、9和番子,而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"混幺九",得1番。若许可时本番值可和混一色的番值累加。
(3)   PURE HONOURS: If a winning hand consists of pais of the Honours only, and regardless of any other description, it is called Pure Honours and awarded 8 fans.     清番子:若一手胡牌只包含番子,而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"清番子",得8番。
(4)   PURE SAME: If a winning hand consists of pais of one Serial suit only, and regardless of any other description, it is called the Pure Same and awarded 6 fans.    清一色:若一手胡牌只包含一种花色的序数牌,而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"清一色",得6番。
(5)   MIXED SAME: If a winning hand consists of the mix of one Serial suit and pais of the Honours only, and regardless of any other description, it is called the Mixed Same and awarded 3 fans. Value of this element may be added to Mixed Unios if applicable.    混一色:若一手胡牌只包含一种花色的序数牌和番子,而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"混一色",得3番。若许可时本番值可和混幺九的番值累加。
(6)   FIVE IN ALL: If in a winning hand each of its sets consists of at least one 5 of the Serials, and regardless of any other description, it is called Five In All and is awarded 2 fan. [Explanatory note: The term "sets" in this rule shall include pung, kong, chow and the eyes.]    全带五:若一手胡牌中每一牌组都含有最少一张5的序数牌,而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"全带五",得2番。[解释性说明:本条所指的"牌组"包括刻子,杆,顺子和眼。]
(7)   UNIO IN ALL: If in a winning hand each of its sets consists of at least one Unio, and regardless of any other description, it is called Unio In All and is awarded 1 fan. Value of this element may be added to All Types if applicable. [Explanatory note: The term "sets" in this rule shall include pung, kong, chow, the eyes, as well as pair as may be found in the winning hand structure of "Seven Pairs".]    全带幺:若一手胡牌中每一牌组都含有最少一张幺牌,而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"全带幺",得1番。若许可时本番值可和五门齐的番值累加。[解释性说明:本条所指的"牌组"包括刻子,杆,顺子,眼,和可以在基本牌型"七对子"中找到的对子。]
(8)   ALL TYPES: If a winning hand consists of all 3 suits of the Serials, the Winds and the Dragons, and regardless of any other description, it is called All Types and awarded 1 fan. Value of this element may be added to Unio In All if applicable.    五门齐:若一手胡牌包含三种序数牌、风牌和箭牌五种花色,而不论任何其它叙述,则可称为"五门齐",得1番。若许可时本番值可和全带幺的番值累加。
27.2.   GROUP 27.2: This group contains grade elements that are of the Honours series. When assessing the ranking of a winning hand, no more than one grade element within this group may be counted, unless specifically stated otherwise.    第27.2组:本组包含的番种属于番子系列。当计算一胡牌的等级时,从本组内选取的番种最多不得超过一项,唯另有注明时除外。
(1)   BIG FOUR WINDS: A combination of four Winds in the form of four pungs, awarded 9 fans.    大四喜:一组包含所有风牌的四副刻子,得9番。
(2)   LITTLE FOUR WINDS: A combination of four Winds in the form of three pungs and a set of eyes, awarded 6 fans.    小四喜:一组包含所有风牌的组合,其中须包括三副刻子和一组眼,得6番。
(3)   BIG THREE DRAGONS: A combination of three Dragons in the form of three pungs, awarded 6 fans.    大三元:一组包含所有三元牌的三副刻子,得6番。
(4)   LITTLE THREE DRAGONS: A combination of three Dragons in the form of two pungs and a set of eyes, awarded 4 fans.    小三元:一组包含所有三元牌的组合,其中须包括两副刻子和一组眼,得4番。
(5)   PUNG OF DRAGON: A pung of any Dragon, each pung is awarded 1 fan. Value of this element cannot be added to Big Three Dragons or Little Three Dragons, but may be added to Chance Wind and Chance Round of the same group if applicable.    三元刻:以任一三元牌组成的刻子,每刻子可得1番。本番值不得和大三元或小三元的番值累加,但可和同组内的正风和正圈的番值累加。
(6)   CHANCE WIND: A pung of the Chance Wind, awarded 1 fan. Value of this element cannot be added to Big Four Winds or Little Four Winds, but may be added to Chance Round and Pung Of Dragon of the same group if applicable.    正风:以正风牌组成的刻子,得1番。本番值不得和大四喜或小四喜的番值累加,但可和同组内的正圈及三元刻的番值累加。
(7)   CHANCE ROUND: A pung of the Chance Round, awarded 1 fan. Value of this element cannot be added to Big Four Winds or Little Four Winds, but may be added to Chance Wind and Pung Of Dragon of the same group if applicable.    正圈:以正圈牌组成的刻子,得1番。本番值不得和大四喜或小四喜的番值累加,但可和同组内的正风及三元刻的番值累加。
27.3.   GROUP 27.3: This group contains grade elements that are of the pung series of the Serials. When assessing the ranking of a winning hand, no more than one grade element within this group may be counted.    第27.3组:本组包含的番种属于序数牌的刻子系列。当计算一胡牌的等级时,从本组内选取的番种最多不得超过一项。
(1)   FOUR JUMPING PUNGS: A combination of four pungs in one Serial suit, with each pung jumping one number up from its lower set, awarded 4 fans.    一色四跳刻:一组包含同一花色四副依次递增一位数的刻子,得4番。
(2)   PURE JUMPING PUNGS: A combination of three pungs in one Serial suit, with each pung jumping one number up from its lower set, awarded 3 fans.    一色三跳刻:一组包含同一花色三副依次递增一位数的刻子,得3番。
(3)   THREE MATCHING PUNGS: A combination of three pungs in three Serial suits but of the same number, awarded 2 fans.    三色三同刻:一组包含三种花色三副序数相同的刻子,得2番。
(4)   MIXED JUMPING PUNGS: A combination of three pungs in three Serial suits, with each pung jumping one number up from its lower set, awarded 1 fan.    三色三跳刻:一组包含三种花色三副依次递增一位数的刻子,得1番。
27.4.   GROUP 27.4: This group contains grade elements that are of the chow series of the Serials. When assessing the ranking of a winning hand, no more than one grade element within this group may be counted, unless specifically stated otherwise.    第27.4组:本组包含的番种属于序数牌的顺子系列。当计算一胡牌的等级时,从本组内选取的番种最多不得超过一项,唯另有注明时除外。
(1)   FOUR IDENTICAL CHOWS: A combination of four identical chows in one Serial suit, awarded 4 fans.    一色四同顺:一组包含同一花色四副序数相同的顺子,得4番。
(2)   FOUR STEPPING CHOWS: A combination of four chows in one Serial suit, with each chow stepping one number up from its lower set, awarded 4 fans.    一色四跳顺:一组包含同一花色四副依次递增一位数的顺子,得4番。
(3)   THREE IDENTICAL CHOWS: A combination of three identical chows in one Serial suit, awarded 3 fans.    一色三同顺:一组包含同一花色三副序数相同的顺子,得3番。
(4)   PURE STEPPING CHOWS: A combination of three chows in one Serial suit, with each chow stepping one number up from its lower set, awarded 3 fans.    一色三跳顺:一组包含同一花色三副依次递增一位数的顺子,得3番。
(5)   THREE MATCHING CHOWS: A combination of three chows in three Serial suits but of the same number, awarded 2 fan.    三色三同顺:一组包含三种花色三副序数相同的顺子,得2番。
(6)   MIXED STEPPING CHOWS: A combination of three chows in three Serial suits, with each chow stepping one number up from its lower set, awarded 1 fan.    三色三跳顺:一组包含三种花色三副依次递增一位数的顺子,得1番。
(7)   PURE STRAIGHT NINE: A combination of three chows in one Serial suit and in the sequence of 1 through 9, awarded 2 fans.    九子清龙:一组包含同一花色由序数1至9组成的三副顺子,得2番。
(8)   MIXED STRAIGHT NINE: A combination of three chows in three Serial suits and in the sequence of 1 through 9, awarded 1 fan.    九子花龙:一组包含三种花色由序数1至9组成的三副顺子,得1番。
28.   The groups of grade elements listed under this article relate primarily to various conditions when a winning hand is declared.    本条列出的番种主要和报胡牌时的状况有关。
28.1.   GROUP 28.1: This group relates mainly to grade elements involving how the pai enabling the declaration to win is obtained.    第28.1组:本组主要和涉及如可获得导致胡牌的牌子的番种有关。
(1)   FROM THE FLOOR: A winning hand caused by a discarded pai obtained from the floor is awarded zero fan.    打出食胡:利用牌池内别人打出的牌食胡,得零番。
(2)   FROM THE WALL: A winning hand caused by a pai obtained from either the head or the tail is awarded 1 fan.    自摸食胡:从牌头或牌尾抓牌后食胡,得1番。
(3)   FROM ROBBED KONG: A winning hand caused by the pai obtained from a robbed kong is awarded 1 fan.    抢杠食胡:在别人开杠时抢杠而食胡,得1番。
28.2.   GROUP 28.2: This group relates mainly to grade elements rewarding a winning hand caused by the last available pai of a game.    第28.2组:本组主要和涉及在取得该盘游戏中最后一张牌而食胡的番种有关。
(1)   FROM FINAL DRAW: If a winning hand is obtained as soon as the final pai of the game is drawn, it is awarded 1 fan.    海底摸月:若在抓取该盘中最后一张牌之后成胡牌,则可得1番。
(2)   FROM FINAL EXPOSED: If a winning hand is caused by means of the final exposed pai of the game, it is awarded 1 fan.    海底捞鱼:若在获取该盘中最后一张露牌之后成胡牌,则可得1番。
28.3.   GROUP 28.3: This group contains grade elements that award winning hand caused by a kong - If a winning hand is declared immediately after several kongs are executed in the same turn of the player, additional fans are awarded according to the number of kongs executed:    第28.3组:本组所列的番种和开杠后随即食胡有关 - 若在连续开杠约干次之后随即报胡牌,则可按照开杠次数而获得番值:
(1)   ON FIRST KONG: If win is declared on a pai drawn immediately after one kong, awarded 1 fan.    杠一杠:若在开杠一次后随即报胡牌,得1番。
(2)   ON SECOND KONG: If win is declared on a pai drawn immediately after the second kong in the same turn, awarded 3 fans.    杠二杠:若在连续开杠两次后随即报胡牌,得3番。
(3)   ON THIRD KONG: If win is declared on a pai drawn immediately after the third kong in the same turn, awarded 6 fans.    杠三杠:若在连续开杠三次后随即报胡牌,得6番。
28.4.   GROUP 28.4: This group relates mainly to grade elements involving the building of a winning hand.    第28.4组:本组主要和涉及建立胡牌的过程的番种有关。
(1)   ALL PICKUPS: If a winning hand is built by sets that are all acquired by claiming pais exposed by other players, and regardless of any other description, it is called All Pickups and is awarded 1 fans. [Explanatory note: A hand containing any unfolded kong (art. 22.2) is not qualified for this grade element. A win declared on a robbed kong (art. 23.7), however, may be qualified for All Pickups.]    全求人:若一手胡牌的所有牌组都是倚赖别人提供的牌而建立,而不论任何其它叙述,则称为"全求人",得1番。[解释性说明:若一手牌含有暗杠(第22.2条)便不符合全求人的条件。若一手牌是因抢杆(第23.7条)而食胡,则仍可符合全求人的条件。]
(2)   SELF HELP: If a winning hand is built by sets that are all acquired by pais drawn from the wall by the winning player's own, and regardless of any other description, it is called Self Help and is awarded 1 fan. [Explanatory note: A winning hand containing unfolded kong is still qualified for Self Help.]    不求人:若一手胡牌的所有牌组都是经由自己从牌墙抓牌而建立,而不论任何其它叙述,则称为"不求人",得1番。[解释性说明:若胡牌之中包含暗杆则仍可符合不求人的条件。]
(3)   CLEAR FRONT: If a winning hand has no disclosed and displayed pai (other than Flowers) prior to winning, and regardless of any other description, it is called Clear Front and is awarded 1 fan. [Explanatory note: A win declared on a pai exposed by other player may be qualified for Clear Front. Winning hand containing unfolded kong is not qualified for Clear Front.]    门前清:若一手牌在胡牌之前没有任何陈列明示的牌子(花牌除外),而不论任何其它叙述,则称为"门前清",得1番。[解释性说明:若获取别人显露的牌而成胡牌,亦可计算门前清的番值。若胡牌之中包含暗杆就不符合门前清的条件。]
28.5.   GROUP 28.5: This group relates mainly to grade elements involving status of the Flowers of a winning hand. When assessing the ranking of a winning hand, no more than one grade element within this group may be counted, unless specifically stated otherwise.    第28.5组:本组主要和涉及花牌的番种有关。当计算一胡牌的等级时,从本组内选取的番种最多不得超过一项,唯另有注明时除外。
(1)   NO FLOWER: If a winning hand consists of no Flower, awarded 1 fan.    无花:若胡牌中没有花牌,得1番。
(2)   CHANCE FLOWER: If a winning hand consists of Chance Flower, each Chance Flower is awarded 1 fan. Value of this element can be added to Full Set Of Flowers.    正花:若胡牌中有正花,则每一正花可得1番。本番值可和四只花的番值累加。
(3)   FULL SET OF FLOWERS: If a winning hand consists of full set of Flowers, i.e. four pieces of Blue Flowers or four pieces of Red Flowers, each set is awarded 1 fan. Value of this element can be added to Chance Flower. [Explanatory note: A winning hand may contain a maximum of two Chance Flowers. Likewise, elements of Chance Flower and Full Set Of Flowers can be counted independently.]    四只花:若胡牌中含有全套4张同色的花牌(红花或蓝花),则每套可得1番。本番值可和正花的番值累加。[解释性说明:一手胡牌可含有最多达两张正花。而正花和四只花的番值是可以独立计算的。]